高二2

一 构词法（一）

2-ish

学英语要从单词开始，但英语单词的记忆一直是我们最大的问题，如何方便快捷的⑴加在国家名称后面，表示该国的或者该国的人。 记忆单词，掌握一门绝技征服数不清的单词?构词法是记忆单词的不二法门，首先让Swedish, irish, Danish

我们一起了解一些构词法的简单常识。 ⑵ 加在表示颜色的形容词后面，表示“略带….颜色的‘ 1 名词后缀

Greenish, yellowish

1 表示人的名词后缀

⑶-ed加在名词后面，构成形容词

-er/-or: teacher, dryer, washer, player, actor, translator, collector, operator Aged, cultured, skilled, talented, wretched -ee/-er；employee, employer, interviewee, interviwer ⑷-ing ，加在动词后面，构成形容词

-ist；chemist, scientist, artist, typist, pianist

Appetizing, encouraging, exciting, interesting -ian/-an:musician, technician, American, Mexican,Asian ⑸-able,-lble加在动词后面

-ese:Chinese, j apanese

Acceptable, avoidable, understandable, readable,countable,possible 2 –ness是最活跃的后缀之一，可以加在许多形容词的后面，构成抽象名词 ⑹-ious ,- uous, -eous,构成形容词

Friendliness, kindness,progressiveness Famous, various, continuous, courageous, mysterious, advantageous 3-ment加在动词的后面

⑺-proof加在名词后面有“妨…的“形容词

Advertisement, government, punishment, settlement, statement,pavement Airproof, soundproof, waterproof, bombproof, burglarproof 4-th 加在形容词后面

⑻some用在名词后面，表示令人….的

Depth, wealth, truth, length, growth, youth, birth,strength,width, health. Troublesome, handsome, fearsome, fulsome, bothersome 5-dom 表示国家，职业，状况 III动词后缀

Freedom, kingdom, stardom, wisdom

1 –en加在名词，形容词后面

6-ful 加在容器的后面，表示某容器的容量 Blacken, broaden, deepen, fasten, harden,thicken,widen Handful, mouthful,glassful, spoonful,cupful 2-ise, -ize

7-hood为名词后缀表示关系或者抽象意义

Americanize modernize, popularize Brotherhood, fatherhood, neighborhood, childhood, bachelorhood ,likelihood IV否定前缀

8 –ship 加在名词的后面，表示状态，抽象概念 1 dis常加在名词，形容词，动词之前

Friendship, relationship,membership,citizenship Agreement-disagreement, advantage-disadvantage 9-logy表示一门学科

Like-dislike appear-disappear

Archaeology, biology, geology 2im常加在以字母m-.p-开头的形容词前。

II 形容词后缀

Moral—immoral possible—impossible polite-impolite 1 less加在名词的后面，构成与之相反的形容词 3.un-常加在名词、形容词、副词前。

Armless, boundless,countless, faithless

Happiness-unhappiness usual-unusual importeant-unimportant

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Friendly-unfriendly V其他前缀：

1. tele-,表示远程的，

telephone, telescope, television, telegraph 2. bi-表示双重的，两个

bicycle , bilingual, bimonthly, bi-plane 3. tri-,表示三个的，三倍 triangle, tricycle

4,non,表示没有，后加名词或形容词

Non-existence, non-electrical non-smoking 5a-, 动词或形容词之前，表示状态

Ahead, away, arise, alone, awake, aware, afraid 6co-加在名词或动词前，表示共同是我 Cooperation, comate, co-worker, coexist

7,anti-后接形容词或动词，表示反对，对抗 Antisocial, antiwar, anti-colonial, antiwar 8,de-后加动词，表示减少或相反 Decolor , decrease, destruct

9.ex-,加在名词或动词前，表示前任的，之前的 Ex-husband, ex-president, ex-chairman 10.fore-,用在动词之前，表示提前，预先

Forefather ,foretell, forefinger, forecast, forehead, foreleg, forerunner, forewoman 11inter-,用在形容词或动词前，表示相互的，内部的 International, interact, intercourse, interview 12kilo-表示一千为单位的 Kilometer , kilogram

13mini-表示小型的，轻巧的 Minibus, miniskirt

14over-用在动词或名词前，表示过度，超越

Overall, overage, overact, overaggressive, overflow, overjoyed, overjoyed, overcharge,

overpass

15pre-在…….前

Prehistory, prepay, prepare, preface, prebuilt 16 re-用在动词, 前表示再一次

Recall, repair, replace repaint, repose, retract, reappear, reflect

二 阅读

词汇（criticize,emperor）+方法 + 长难句（时态、非谓语、定从名从、特殊句式、状语从句）

一，四步走

1， 扫描题干，划关键词 2， 首末段原则，首句原则 3， 读题，归类题型 4， 重叠选项，得出答案 二，两个把握

1， 文章中心，作者态度

2， 出题顺序和行文顺序大体一致 三，宏观做题思路

排二（之后用就近原则），排三原则 四，做题误区

1， 读的太快，做题靠印象和直觉 2， 大量时间读文章，题目匆匆而过

3， 忘记做记号。1标志性、指示性的信息：时间、地点、人名等。 2显示文

章结构的词：but, however,futher more 等。 3 含有感情色彩的词

五，标点符号的作用

1， 句号。 2，逗号。3 冒号。 4，分号。5，破折号。6，引号。 7，括号。8，

感叹号和问号。

六，题型的分类

1， 主旨题

1 快速作文法

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2 穿线摘帽

干扰选项的设置：1 局部信息 2 范围过宽

2,(1)， 词汇题：

1， 返回原文，找出该词汇出现的地方 2， 注意结合上下文，理解该单词的含义

3， 若是简单词汇，其字面含义必定不是正确答案

4， 词汇题的正确答案经常问藏着原文该词汇出现的附近

5， 寻找时应注意同位语，特殊标点，定语从句，及前后缀，特别注意搜索时的同词性原则

6， 解题思路概括为：搜索带入 (2)， 指代替：

1， 返回原文，找出指代词

2， 向上搜索，找最近的名次，名词性短语，句子

3， 将找到的词，词组或句子的含义带入替换该指代词，看其意思是否通顺。 4， 将找到的词，词组或句子与四选项进行比较，找出最佳答案

3,细节题 关键词定位

1 举例子，打比喻处 2 转折处3因果句 4特殊标点处 5短首位句 七，正确答案的设置。

1， 经常与中心idea有关 2，同义替换，正话反说。3语气委婉：might,may 4，

具有概括性，深刻性。5，位于文章的段首、断尾、转折处。 错误答案的设置

1， 正反混淆（包括答非所问；偷换概念） 2，扩大范围 3，无中生有 4，过

分绝对

5， 因果倒置 6 推断过远 7，就事论事，事态错误

常识性判断：1,仅仅符合常识的不一定对，不符合常识的往往错 2,长难句必出题

3,同意替换往往就是答案

1， 句号：分割句子，一句号为单位，八段分割成块，然后逐个击破 2， 逗号：两个逗号之间是补充说明成分，可以先跳过去不读

3， 冒号：冒号后边是补充说明前面的内容，冒号前后有一个从具体到抽象的过程 4， 分号：前后并列结构1）语意上的并列，2）结构上的并列 5， 破折号，两个破折号之间是补充说明成分，可以不读

6， 引号：1）引用某人的观点2）反讽讽刺-----等看到问题时再回来读 7， 括号：1）补充说明，2）解释生词

4,作者态度题： 1， attibute 标志

2， 首先寻找文章中一些具有感情色彩的词 3， 可以抓论述的主线以及举例的方式

4， 一般来说，作者的整体态度的答案为：客观，乐观，积极向上的选项 不会是：主观，偏激，漠不关心，迷惑的 A

Twenty years ago, I drove a taxi for a living. One night I went to pick up a passenger at 2:30 AM. When I arrived to collect, I found the building was dark except for a single light in a ground floor window.

I walked to the door and knocked, ―Just a minute,‖ answered a weak, elderly voice.

After a long pause, the door opened. A small woman in her eighties stood before me. By her side was a small suitcase.

I took the suitcase to the car, and then returned to help the woman. She took my arm and we walked slowly toward the car.

She kept thanking me for my kindness. ―It’s nothing,‖ I told her. ―I just try to treat my passengers the way I would want my mother treated.‖

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―Oh, you’re such a good man.‖ She said. When we got into the taxi, she gave me an address, and then asked, ―Could you drive through downtown?‖

―It’s not the shortest way,‖ I answered quickly.

―Oh, I’m in no hurry,‖ she said. ―I’m on my way to a hospice(临终医院). I don’t have any family left. The doctor says I don’t have very long.‖

I quietly reached over and shut off the meter(计价器).

For the next two hours, we drove through the city. She showed me the building where she had once worked, the neighborhood where she had lived, and the furniture shop that had once been a ballroom where she had gone dancing as a girl.

Sometimes she’d ask me to slow down in front of a particular building and would sit staring into the darkness, saying nothing.

At dawn, she suddenly said,‖ I’m tired. Let’s go now.‖ We drove in silence to the address she had given me. ―How much do I owe you?‖ she asked. ―Nothing.‖ I said.

―You have to make a living,‖ she answered. ―Oh, there are other passengers,‖ I answered.

Almost without thinking, I bent and gave her a hug. She held onto tightly. Our hug ended with her remark, ―You gave an old woman a little moment of joy.‖

56. The old woman chose to ride through the city in order to ______.

A. show she was familiar with the city B. see some places for the last time C. let the driver earn more money D. reach the destination on time

57. The taxi driver did not charge the old woman because he ______.

A. wanted to do her a favor B. shut off the meter by mistake

C. had received her payment in advance D. was in a hurry to take other passengers

58. What can we learn from the story?

A. Giving is always a pleasure.

B. People should respect each other.

C. An act of kindness can bring people great joy. D. People should learn to appreciate others’ concern. B

When it comes to friends, I desire those who will share my happiness, who possess wings of their own and who will fly with me. I seek friends whose qualities illuminate（照亮）me and train me up for love. It is for these people that I reserve the glowing hours, too good not to share.

When I was in the eighth grade, I had a friend. We were shy and ―too serious‖ about our studies when it was becoming fashionable with our classmates to learn acceptable social behaviors. We said little at school, but she would come to my house and we would sit down with pencils and paper, and one of us would say:―Let’s start with a train whistle today.‖ We would sit quietly together and write separate poems or stories that grew out of a train whistle. Then we would read them aloud. At the end of that school year, we, too, were changing into social creatures and the stories and poems stopped.

When I lived for a time in London, I had a friend, He was in despair(失望)and I was in despair. But our friendship was based on the idea in each of us that we would be sorry later if we did not explore this great city because we had felt bad at the time. We met every Sunday for five weeks and found many excellent things. We walked until our despairs disappeared and then we parted. We gave London to each other. For almost four years I have had remarkable friend whose imagination illuminates mine. We write long letters in which we often discover our strangest selves. Each of us appears, sometimes in a funny way, in the other’s dreams. She and I agree that, at certain

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今天的努力，是为了明天的辉煌！

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times, we seem to be parts of the same mind. In my most interesting moments, I often think:―Yes, I must tell….‖We have never met.

It is such comforting companions I wish to keep. One bright hour with their kind is worth more to me than the lifetime services of a psychologist（心理学家），who will only fill up the healing（愈合的）silence necessary to those darkest moments in which I would rather be my own best friend.

66. In the eighth grade, what the author did before developing proper social behavior was to ______.

A. become serious about her study B. go to her friend’s house regularly C. learn from her classmates at school D. share poems and stories with her friend

67. In Paragraph 3, ―We gave London to each other‖ probably means ______. A. our exploration of London was a memorable gift to both of us B. we were unwilling to tear ourselves away from London C. our unpleasant feeling about London disappeared D. we parted with each other in London

68. According to Paragraph 4, the author and her friend _______. A. call each other regularly B. have similar personalities C. enjoy writing to each other D. dream of meeting each other

69. In the darkest moments, the author would prefer to ______. A. seek professional help B. be left alone C. stay with her best friend D. break the silence

70. What is the best title for the passage? A. Unforgettable Experiences B. Remarkable Imagination C. Lifelong Friendship

D. Noble Companions

三, A

How I Turned to Be Optimistic

I began to grow up that winter night when my parents and were returning from my autn’s house,and my mother said that we might soon be leaving for America .We were on the bus then ,I was crying,and some people on the bus were turning around to look at me . I remenber that I could not bear the thought of never hearing again the radio program for school children to which I listened every morning .

I do not remember myself crying for this reason again. In fact I think cried very little when I was saying goobye to my friends and relatuves ,When we were leaving I thought about all the places I was going to see —the stange and magical plances I had know only from books and pictures . the country I was leaving never to come back was hardlt in my head then .

The four years that followed taught me the importance of optimism, but the idea did not come to me at once. For the first two years in New York I was really lost –having to study in three schools as a result of family moves. I did not quite know what I was or what I should be. Mother remarried, and things became even more complex for me. Some time passed before my stepfather and I got used to each other. I was often sad, and saw no end to ―the hard times‖

My responsibilities in the family increased a lot since I knew English better than everyone else at home. I wrote letters, filled out forms, translated at interviews with

Immigration officers, took my grandparents to the doctor and translated there,and even discussed telephone bills with company representatives.

From my exeperiences I have learned one important rule :all common troubles eventually go away ! Something good is certain to happen in the end when you do not give up,and just wait a liteele! I believe that my life will turn out all right, even though it not be that easy.

56.How did the author get to know America?

A.From her relatives. B.Form her mother.

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今天的努力，是为了明天的辉煌！

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C.Form books and pictures . D.From radio programs. 57.Upon leaving for America the author felt________. A.confuesd B.excited C.worried D.amazed 58.For the first two years in New York, the author_______.

A.often lost her way B.did not think about her future C.studied in three different schools D.got on well with her stepfather 59.What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 4 ?

A.She worked as a translator B.She attended a lot of job interviews.

C.She paid telephone bills for her family, D.She helped her family with her English. 60.The author believes that___________. A.her future will be free from troubles B.it is difficult to become patient

C.there are more good things than bad things D.good things will happen if one keeps trying

四,―Soon, you’re going to have to move out!‖ cried my neighbor upon seeing the largest tomato plant known to mankind, or at least known in my neighborhood. One tiny 9-inch plant, bought for $1.25 in the spring, has already taken over much of my rose bed, covering much of other plants, and is well on its way to the front door. Roses require a good deal of care, and if it weren’t for the pleasure they give, it wouldn’t be worth the work. As it is, I have a garden full of sweet-smelling roses for most of the year. Bushes must be pruned (剪枝) in early spring, leaving ugly woody branches until the new growth appears a few weeks later. It was the space available (可用的) in the garden that led me into planting just one little tomato plant. A big mistake. Soil conditions made just perfect for roses turn out to be even more perfect for tomatoes. The daily watering coupled with full sun and regular fertilizing (施肥) have turned the little plant into a tall bush. The cage I placed around it as the plant grew has long since disappeared under the thick leaves. Now the task I face in harvesting the fruit is twofold: First, I have to find the red ones among the leaves, which means I almost have to stand on my head, and once found I

have to reach down and under, pick the tomatoes and withdraw (缩回) my full fist without dropping the prize so dearly won. I found two full-blown white roses completely hidden as I picked tomatoes in June, but they were weak and the leaves already yellow for lack of light. Here I am faced with a painful small decision: To tear up a wonderful and productive tomato plant that offers up between ten and twenty ripe sweet tomatoes each day or say goodbye to several expensive and treasured roses. Like Scarlett in Gone With the Wind, I’ll think about that tomorrow.

1. What are the requirements for the healthy growth of roses? A. A lot of care and the right soil. B. Frequent pruning and fertilizing. C. Tomato plants grown alongside. D. Cages placed around the roots.

2. The writer planted the tomato because _________. A. it cost only $1.25 B. the soil was just right for it

C. there was room for it in the garden D. the roses' branches needed to be covered 3. This year the writer’s roses were ________. A. removed from the rose bed B. picked along with the tomatoes

C. mostly damaged by too much sunlight D. largely hidden under the tomato plant

4. By saying ―the prize so dearly won‖ in paragraph 5, the writer wants to _________. A. show the difficulty in picking the tomatoes B. show the hardship of growing the roses C. express her liking for the roses D. express her care for the tomatoes

5. In the situation described in the text, one good thing is that _________. A. the roses cost the writer little money

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今天的努力，是为了明天的辉煌！

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今天的努力，是为了明天的辉煌！

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金云梯教育高二英语下 B. the writer has a daily harvest of tomatoes

C. someone will help the writer make the decision

D. the writer can now enjoy both the roses and tomatoes