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英语数词用法归纳

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英语数词用法归纳 一、定义与分类

数词是指表示数目多少或顺序先后的词。表示数目多少的数词叫基数词,如 one, five, ten, thirty, sixty-five 等;表示顺序先后的数词叫序数词,如 first, sixth, tenth, twenty-first 等。数词用法相当于名词和形容词,在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语等。

二、基数词

1. 英语中没有“万”这个读数单位,要表示汉语中的“万”,英语需借用thousand一词,如“一万”用“十个千”表示(ten thousand),“十万”用“一百个千”表示(one hundred thousand)。

2. 用作基数词单位的 hundred, thousand, million, billion 通常不带复数词尾-s,但若用于表示数百、数千、数百万这样的泛指,则用复数。如:

About two thousand people died in the earthquake. 大约有两千人在地震中丧生。

Thousands of people go to the seaside every year. 每年成千上万的人到海滨去。

3. 表示整十的基数词用复数形式可以表示人的大约岁数或年代。如:

He is in his early twenties. 他才二十出头(from www.hxen.com)。

This took place in the 1930s. 这事发生在20世纪30年代。

三、序数词

1. 许多序数词是由相应的基数词后加词尾-th构成的,如four / fourth,six / sixth,ten / tenth,sixteen / sixteenth,但是nine变为序数词是ninth,而不是nineth。

2. twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth 等表示整十的序数词,由相应的基数词将词尾y改为ie,再加-th 构成。

3. first, second, third 通常可缩写为1st, 2nd, 3rd。凡是以th结尾的序数词可缩写为“基数词+th”:4th, 5th, 9th, 11th, 60th, 128th等。

4. 非整十的多位数,将个位数变成序数词即可:twenty-first(第21),thirty-sixth(第36),ninety-ninth(第99),three hundred and sixty-fifth(第365)等。

5. hundred, thousand, million 等序数词形式为 hundredth, thousandth, millionth 等。

6. 序数词前通常要用定冠词,但表示考试或比赛等的名次时,通常可省略其前的定冠词。如:

My room is on the second floor and his on the third. 我的房间在三楼,他的房间在四楼。

He was (the) third in the exam. 他考试得了第三名。

注:有时序数词前不用定冠词,而用不定冠词,表示次第在原有基础上的增加。如:

We’ll have to do it a second time. 我们得再做一次(from www.hxen.com)。

序数词前用定冠词和不定冠词的区别在于:定冠词表特指,不定冠词表泛指,有类似another的意思,但比another 的意思更明确。 英语数词的句法功能 一、用作主语

The second is yours. 第二个是你的。

It’s said that 13 is an unlucky number. 据说13是一个不吉利的数字。

二、用作表语

Her father is sixty-five. 她父亲65岁。

Two thirds of the apples were bad. 三分之二的苹果是坏的。

三、用作宾语

I know three of them. 他们当中有三个有我认识。

Please give me the third. 请给我第三个。

四、用作定语

He has three English dictionaries. 他有三本英语词典。

The second one is more expensive. 第二个更贵。

The rope is only 2.15 meters long. 这根绳子只有2.15米长。

五、用作同位语

Are you two reading? 你们两人都在看书吗?

Let us four finish the work. 让我们四个人完成这工作吧。

Who is that man, the first in the front row? 前排第一个是准?

六、用作状语

I hate riding two on a bike. 我不喜欢骑自行带人。

Think first, then act. 先想清楚再行动。

We agree with you a hundred percent. 我们百分之百同意你。

数词的主要用法

一、表示日期

1949年1949读作nineteen forty-nine

6月23日June 23rd 读作June (the) twenty-third或the twenty-third of June

2006年10月October 2006 读作October, two thousand and six

1600年5月2日May 2nd, 2005 读作the second of May, sixteen hundred

二、表示钟点

半小时用half,一刻钟用a quarter,半小时以内用past,超过半小时用to。

08:00 eight o’clock或eight

09:15 nine fifteen或a quarter past/after nine

02:30 two thirty或half past/after two

05:45 five forty-five或a quarter to six

14:15 fourteen fifteen=2.15 p. m.

23:05 twenty-three oh five

24:00 twenty-four hundred hours=midnight

三、表示编号

1. 单纯的编号,可在基数词前加number,简写为No.。如No.2第二。

2. 序号与事物名词连用时分三种情况(from www.hxen.com):

(A)小序号可用“the +序数词+名词”或“名词+基数词”。如第一次课可以说the First Lesson或Lesson One。

(B)大序号通常只用“名词+数词”。如808号房间Room 808;168路公共汽车Bus No.168;

南京路1490号1490 Nanjing Road;电话号码83545601(用基数词逐个念,0念字母O)。

I用“a/the + number+基数词+名词”。如a No.3 bus一辆三路公共汽车,the No.3 bus那辆三路公共汽车。

四、表示倍数

1. 倍数+as +形容词/副词(原级)+ as。如:

This bridge is three times as long as that one.这座桥是那座桥的三倍长。

2. 倍数+形容词或副词的比较级+than。如:O^

This bridge is three times longer than that one.这座桥是那座桥的三倍长。

3. 倍数+ the size/length/weight…+of+表示比较对象的名词。如:

This bridge is three times the length of that one. 这座桥是那座桥的三倍长。

4. 倍数+what引导的从句。如:

The college is twice what it was 5 years ago.这所大学是它五年前的两倍。 英语数词学习要点

1. 数词的种类

数词有基序数和序数词两类。基数词表示数量的大小,如one, two, three, four等。序数词表示序数,如first, second, third, fourth等。数词与不定代词、冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词等被称作限定词。

2. 基数词变为序数词的规则

(1)第1至第19一般是在基数词后加th,但变化特殊的有one—first, two—second, three—third, eight—eighth, nine—ninth, five—fifth, twelve—twelfth。

(2)逢十的twenty, thirty…ninety,分别改y为ieth。如twenty—twentieth, ninety—ninetieth。

(3)表示第几十几或第几百几十几,只需将个位数改为序数词。如56—fifty-six—fifty-sixth,635—six hundred and thirty-five—six hundred and thirty-fifth(from www.hxen.com)。

3. 基数词的读写方法

(1)三位数的读写法:个位与十位之间用连字符“-”;百位与十位之间加and;十位为零时也要加and。如:

365读作three hundred and six-five

605读作six hundred and five

(2)大于三位数的读写法:从个位起每三位打一个撇号“’”,第一个撇号读thousand,第二个撇号读million,各撇号之间的数按三位及三位以下的数的读法读。如:

23, 5读作twenty-three thousand five hundred and eighty-nine

6, 632, 900读作six million six hundred and thirty-two thousand nine hundred

28, 000, 000读作twenty-eight million(from www.hxen.com)

4. 序数词与冠词

(1)序数词前一般要加定冠词the。如:

It’s the third time I’ve been here.这是我第三次到这里来。

(2)表示在原有的基础上增加,即“又一,再一”时,用不定冠词。如:

Shall I ask her a third time? 我还要问她一次吗?

(3)下列4种情况不用冠词。

1. 序数词前已有物主代词或名词所有格时,不能再用冠词。如:

This is Tom’s second visit to China.她是汤姆第二次访问中国。

2. 表示比赛或考试的名词时,通常省略定冠词。如:

He was (the) second in the English exam.在这次英语考试中他得了第二名。

3. 序数词被用作副词时不用冠词。

I have to finish my homework first.我得先把作业完成好。

4. 在某些习语中不用冠词。如at first起初, first of all首先, at first sight乍一看。

5. 数词的语法功能(from www.hxen.com)

(1)作主语:The second was better.第二个好些。

(2)作表语:She was second in her class.她在班上是第二名。 (3)作宾语:I was among the first to arrive.我是第一批到的。

(4)作定语:There are fifty states in the US.美国有五十个话别州。 From: http://www.hxen.com/grammar/shuci/2009-09-11/326.html 用数词表示约数的五类方法 一、表示笼统数目的方法

可用 tens of, dozens of, scores of, hundreds of, thousands of, millions of 等表示。如: I’ve been there dozens of times. 我去那儿去过几十次了。

Thousands of people were gathered at the airport. 数千人聚集在机场。 There were hundreds of people on the beach. 海滩上有成千上万的人。

Millions of dollars have gone into the building of this factory. 数以万百计的美金被投入修建这座工厂。

二、表示“少于”“接近”的方法

可用 less than, under, below, almost, nearly, up to 等来表示少于或接近某个数目。如: It cost me less than 10 pounds. 我买它没花上10英镑。

There’s nothing below 5 dollars. 没有一样东西价钱在5美元以下。

Almost [Nearly] all the students passed the exam. 差不多所有的学生都通过了考试。

三、表示“多于”“超过”的方法

可用 more than, beyond, or more, over, above 等来表示超过或多于某个数目。如:

He was away for more than a month. 他离开了一个多月。

There are ten chairs or more in the room. 房间里有十多把椅子。

The temperature is two degrees above zero. 温度是零上2度。

You have to be over 18 to see this film. 超过18岁的人才能看这部电影。

四、表示“大约”“左右”的方法

可用 or, or so, about, around, some, more or less 等表示。如:

They arrived around [round] 5 o’clock. 他们是大约5 点钟到的。

It’s an hour’s journey, more or less. 大约有一个钟头的路程。

Take this medicine. You’ll feel better in an hour or so. 把药吃了,过一个多小时你会感觉好些的。 五、“一两个”的表法方法

英语中要表示“一两个……”,有两种常用表达,一是“a+名词+or two”,二是“one or two+名词”,注意两者不可混用(尤其注意不能将 a 与 one 用混)。如:

After a minute or two we saw him. 一两分钟后我们看见他了。

May I borrow the book for a day or two? 这本书我可以借一两天吗?

I would like to use the computer for an hour or two. 我想用一两个小时的电脑。

I want to put you right on one or two matters. 我想给你纠正一两个错误。

There is one or two things I’d like to know about. 有一两件事我很想知道。

dozen用法的方方面面

有这样一道题,涉及dozen用法的多个方面,你做得对吗?

We already have ______ pencils, but we need two ______ pens.

A. dozen of, dozen B. dozens of, dozens

C. dozens of, dozen D. dozens of, dozen of

【分析】此题最佳答案为C。关于dozen的复数是否加词尾-s的问题比较复杂,大致原则是:

(1) 当它与具体数字连用时,既不加复数词尾-s,也不后接介词of。尽管有的词书也有 two dozen of 这样的用例,但这已属过时用法,在考试中应避免,如1992年全国高考有一道单项选择题就认为two dozen of为错误选项:

Shortly after the accident, _____ police were sent to the spot to keep order.

A. dozens of B. dozens C. dozen of D. dozen [D]

(2) 当它不与具体数字连用,而是表示不确定的泛指数时,则不仅要加复数词尾-s,而且要后接介词 of,此时可将dozens of(许多,几十)视为习语。如:

I’ve been there dozens of times. 我去过那儿几十次。

She’s got dozens of boy-friends. 她的男朋友很多。

下面一例中的dozens加了复数词尾-s也属为似情况:

Pack them in dozens. 按打装袋吧。

(3) 当与 a few, several 等数目不很具体的词连用时,加不加复数词尾-s均可,但需注意:不加复数词尾-s时,其后的介词of可以省略;加词尾-s时,其后介词 of不能省略。如:

several dozen (of) pencils=several dozens of pencils几打铅笔(from www.hxen.com)

注:英语较少使用many dozen的说法,要表示类似意思可用dozens of。

(4) 当它后面的名词受 the, these, those 等特指限定词修饰时,或其后的接的是us, them这样的人称代词时,则此时必须用介词 of。如:

two dozen of these eggs 两打这种鸡蛋

three dozen of them 它们中的3打

注:score, hundred, thousand, million等也具有以上类似用法

From: http://www.hxen.com/grammar/shuci/2009-09-11/323.html

dozen,score,hundred,thousand,million用法要点

这些词的用法极为相似,需注意的用法有:

1. 当这些词与具体数字连用时,通常不加复数词尾-s, 也不后接介词 of。如:

I want three score eggs. 我要60只鸡蛋。

He is a man of three score years. 他六十岁。

Two hundred (thousand) students went there. 有两百(千)学生去了那儿。

About three million workers were on strike. 参加罢工的大约有三百万工人。

注:有人认为 score, dozen 之后有时也接 of, 但惯用法认为省略 of 则常见。

另外,当 million 用作中心词(即其后不接名词或数词)时,有时也可带复数词尾-s。如:

The population of New Zealand is now three million(s). 新西兰现有人口三百万。

2. 当这些词不与具体数字连用,而是表示不确定的泛指数时,则不仅要加复数词尾-s, 而且要后接介词 of, 然后才能接名词。如:

I’ve read it dozens (scores) of times. 我读过它几十次。

Thousands of students entered the contest. 数千名学生参加了这次比赛。

Millions of people died in the war. 有数百万人在这次战争中丧生。

注:若不出现名词,则不用介词 of。如:

Millions (of people) are homeless. 千千万万的人无家可归。

3. 当这些词与 a few, several, many 等数目不很具体的词连用时,带不带复数词尾 -s 均可,但是注意:若不带复数词 -s, 其后的介词 of 可以省略;若带复数词尾-s, 则其后介词 of 不能省略。如:

在那儿我见到了数百外宾。

正:There I saw several hundred(s) of foreign guests.

正:There I saw several hundred foreign guests.

注意 some hundred persons 与 some hundreds of persons 含义不同:前者指“大约一百人”,其中 some=about a;后者指“几百人”。

4. 当这些词后面的名词有了 the, these, those等特指限定词修饰时,或其后的接的是 us, them 这样的人称代词时,则此时必须用介词 of。如:

two dozen of them 它们中的两打

three scores of these eggs 这些鸡蛋中的三打

five hundred of the workers 这些工人中的五百人

5. 注意以下与介词 by 连用的例子(from www.hxen.com):

The eggs are sold by the dozen. 鸡蛋按打出售。

The ants arrived at the picnic by the hundred(s). 成群的蚂蚁来到野餐的地方。

They were sold by the thousand(s). 它们被大批大批地(论千地)出售。

比较:Pack them in dozens. 把它们成打地包起来(即每12个一包)。

From: http://www.hxen.com/grammar/shuci/2009-09-11/321_2.html 数词可与coffee连用吗

数词可与coffee连用吗?数词可与tea连用吗?请看题:

“May I take your order now?” “We’d like three black _______ and two green _______.”

A. coffee, cups of teas B. coffees, teas

C. cups of coffee, tea D. cup of coffees, teas

【陷阱】误选C,认为coffee和tea均为不可数名词,不能后加复数词尾-s,从而排除选项A、B、D。

【分析】选B。有的同学认为 coffee 和tea是物质名词,不可数,不能用 three coffees, two teas 这样的表达。

其实,coffee既可用作不可数名词,表示“咖啡”这种物质,也可用作可数名词,表示“一杯咖啡”,即在口语中 three coffees 就等于 three cups of coffee。

同样,“三杯茶”既可说成 three cups of tea,也可说成 three teas;“三杯啤酒”既可说成 three glasses of beer,也可说成 three beers。

From: http://www.hxen.com/grammar/shuci/2009-09-11/322.html 含有数字one的英语成语

■one by one 一个个地

He went through the items on a list one by one. 他逐个处理单子上的项目。

Students went out of the classroom one by one as soon as the bell rang. 下课铃一响,学生们一个个从教室里走出来。

■in one 合为一体

He’s President, Treasurer and Secretary in one. 他身兼会长、司库和秘书三职。

It's a book of English phonetics,grammar and usage in one. 这是一本英语语音、语法和习惯用语结合为一体的书。

■one too many 多余的,不需要的

I found myself one too many among them. 我发现自己在他们当中是个多余的人。 ■one in a thousand 优秀的人(或事物)

My brother is a one in a thousand. 我的兄弟是位优秀人物。

不能连词数字的几种常见情况

■far 用作形容词,表示“遥远的”,通常不与具体数字连用。如:

车站离我家5英里。

误:The station is five miles far (away) from my home.

正:The station is five miles distant from my home.

正:The station is five miles away from my home.

析:far 通常不可以与数字连用,此时需用 distant。

■both 一般不与数词 two 连用,以免语义重复。如:

这两个男孩子都很聪明。

误:Both the two boys are clever.

正:Both the boys are clever.

正:The two boys are clever.

■clothes(衣服)虽然是一个没有单数形式的复数名词,但它却 不能与直接与数词连用。

她为我买了两套衣服。

误:She bought me two clothes.

正:She bought me two suits of clothes.

■goods(货物)是一个没有单数形式的复数名词,•但是却不能直接用数词修饰,要表示“货物”的件数,通常借助 piece。如:

他发现有两件货被偷了。

误:He found two goods had been stolen.

正:He found two pieces of goods had been stolen.

■troops 侧重指构成的士兵成员,但并不指个别士兵,因此它一般不与数字(尤其是较小的数字)连用。比如:“两个士兵”一般不说 two troops, 可说 two soldiers。不过 troops 有时可与较大的数词连用。如可说(from www.hxen.com):

a hundred troops 一百个士兵

Forty-four troops were killed. 44名士兵阵亡。

From: http://www.hxen.com/grammar/shuci/2009-09-11/320.html 含有数字three的英语成语

■by twos and threes 三三两两

We went to the station by twos and threes. 我们三三两两地走向车站。

■三三两两 in twos and threes

They arrived in twos and threes. 他们三三两两地来了。

■three-bottle man 大酒徒

His grandfather is a three-bottle man. 他外公是个大酒徒。

From: http://www.hxen.com/grammar/shuci/2009-09-11/317.html 含有数字two的英语成语

■two-way 双向的

We need a two-way switch. 我们需要一个双路开关。

He invented a two-way recorder. 他发明了两用收录机。

■in twos 两个两个地

The children walked in twos with one teacher in front and one behind. 孩子们排成两行走,前后各有一位老师。

■in twos and threes 三三两两地

Applications for the job are coming in slowly in twos and threes. 申请这份工作的信件三三两两来得很慢。

■in two twos 立刻;一转眼

My pen was lost in two twos. 我的钢笔一转眼就不见了。

■put two and two together 根据所见、所闻等推测出

He is rather inclined to put two and two together and make five. 他一推测就出圈儿。

They came to the conclusion that he hadn't run out of their city, putting two and two together. 根据事实推断,他们得出这样的结论,他还没有跑出这座城市。

From: http://www.hxen.com/grammar/shuci/2009-09-11/318.html 数字习语:at sixes and sevens

at sixes and sevens 为习语,意为:乱七八糟,七上八下,杂乱无章,一片混乱。如:

■The boy made the room at sixes and sevens. 这男孩把房间弄得乱七八糟的。

■I haven’t had time to arrange everything so I’m all at sixes and sevens. 我没来得及把每件事都安排好,因此心里七上八下的。

■They held a party last night and everything was at sixes and sevens when the guests left. 昨晚他们开了一个家庭聚会。当客人散尽之后,一切物品都挪了位置。

■After the captain of the team broke his leg, the other players were at sixes and sevens. 球队队长摔断了腿,其他队员陷入了一片混乱。

■The members couldn't come to an agreement. They were at sixes and sevens. 委员们不能达成一致意见,他们各持己见。 含有数字four的英语成语

■four square 直率的;坦白的

The girl is four square. 这女孩很直率。

■on all fours 爬着

The baby was crawling about on all fours. 婴儿那时正在满处爬。

■four-lettered words 下流话

These books are full of four-lettered words. 这些书里脏话连篇。

■in fours 每组四个

Group together in fours! 每四人一组!

Students are standing in a line,in fours. 学生们每组四人排成队。

From: http://www.hxen.com/grammar/shuci/2009-09-11/316.html 基数词及序数词重要用法

1. 基数词的用法

基数词用于表示事物的数量,在表示基数词时,要特别注意hundred, thousand, million, billion等几个词的用法:若其前用了基数词,则不论其面是否有of,都必须用单数形式(此时若带of则通常表示特定范围中的一部分);若泛指数百、数千、数百万等,则用 hundreds of, thousands of, millions of 等这样的结构。如:

Two hundred of the students are needed to plant trees this morning. 今天中午需要200个学生去植树。

Hundreds of people attended the famous director’s farewell concert. 好几百人出席了这位著名指挥家的告别音乐会。

Thousands upon thousands of English words come from foreign tongues. 成千上万英语单词来自外来语。

2. 基数词的复数用法

逢整“十”的基数词的复数形式可用于表示某人的大约年岁和世纪中的年代。如:

The war broke out in the nineties. 这次战争爆发于90年代。

Karl Mark began to learn the Russian language in his fiftieth. 马克思五十多岁开始学俄语。

3. 序数词的用法

序数词用于表示事物的顺序,一般由与之相应的基数词加th构成(但有特殊形式需特别记忆);序数词主要用作定语,前面一般要加定冠词(或物主代词)。如:

Their second son is a doctor. 他们的二儿子是个博士。

The hundredth cave that George has discovered in his lifetime is near the Alps. 乔治一生中找到的第一百个山洞在阿尔卑斯山附近。

注:序数词前有时可用不定冠词,表示“每一,又一”。如:

We’ll have to do it a second time. 我们将再做一遍。

“数词+more”与“another+数词”

2007年的安徽高考英语有这样一道题:

The school’s music group will be giving a big show tomorrow night and two _________ on the weekend.

A. more B. other C. else D. another

此题答案选A。two more的意思是“另外两场”。more用于数词后,表示数量的增加,即表示在原有基础上又增加了若干数量。注意不要选D,因为another与数词搭配时,总是要放在数词之前。下面我们来看看这两个结构的用法: 一、“数词+more”的用法

Three more of the missing climbers have been found. 失踪的登山者又找到了3个。

How many more stamps do you want?—Four more please. 你还要多少张邮票?——请再给4张。

If he had received six more votes, he would be our chairman now. 如果他多得六票,现在就是我们的了。 二、“another+数词”的用法

I shall stay another five months. 我将再待五个月。

They drove for another three hours. 他们又行驶了3个小时。

The strike may last another six weeks. 罢工可能还要持续六个礼拜。

China picked up another ten gold medals. 中国又获得了10枚金牌。

The last time we talked he said he needed another two days. 上次我们谈话时他说他还需要两天。

三、两点用法说明

1. 当其中的数词为one时,我们可以说one more,但一般不用another one。如:

He decided to have one more try. 他决定再试一次 (自www.hxen.com)。

Surely you can put it off one more week. 肯定你可以把它再推迟一个礼拜。

I was wondering if I must ask you one more question. 我不知道我是不是还需要再向你提一个问题。

在意义上该用another one的地方,英语通常只用another。如:

She’s going to have another baby. 她又快有孩子了。

It’s cold I need another blanket. 太冷了——我再要一条毯子。

不过,如果其中的one不是数词,而是代词,则可以用another one。如:

This pen doesn’t work. I must buy another one. 这支钢笔坏了。我该另买一支了。

Your car, which I noticed outside, has been hit by another one. 我在外面看见你的汽车了,它给另一辆车撞了。

If you children closed up a bit there’d be room for another one on this seat. 你们几个孩子要是挤一挤,这座位上还能加一个人。

即使其中的one不是数词而是代词,英语也通常省略another one中的one。如:

I didn’t like the red skirt, so I asked to see another (one). 我不喜欢那条红裙子,所以我要求看另外一条。

2. 当其中的数词为few时,英语可以说another few。如:

I’m staying for another few weeks. 我还要再呆几个星期。

I need another few days before l can make up my mind. 我还需几天才能决定。

对于more而言,英语通常的搭配是a few more。如:

I advise waiting a few more days. 我建议再等几天。

Wet weather may continue for a few more days. 多雨的天气可能还要持续好几天。 有关数词用法的几个易错点

◆“一两天”之类的表达

“一两天”可说a day or two或one or two days。但不能说成 one day or two或a or two days。类似的有:a year or two / one or two years 一两年 / a month or two / one or two months。

◆“一个半”之类的表达

表示“一个半”可用a…and a half或one and a half… 如:

We waited for an hour and a half. / We waited for one and a half hours. 我们等了一个半小时。

◆“每隔几…”的表达法

如“每隔一天”的说法有every two days, every second day, every other day,“每隔3天”的说法有every three days或every third day。

◆“另外几…”的表达法

如“另加2个星期”可说another / a further two weeks或two other / more weeks。

分数及百分数的用法

1. 分数词的用法

英语分数词由基数词和序数词组成。分子用基数词,分母用序数词,若分子大于“1”,则分母要用复数。如:

Three quarters of the students have passed the exam. 四分之三的学生考试及格了。

The WTO cannot live up to its name if it does not include a country that is home to one –fifth of mankind. 如果世贸组织不能容纳占世界人口五分之一的国家,那它就算不上世界贸易组织了。

2. 百分数的用法

百分数由“基数词+percent”构成。如:

With production up by 60 percent, the company has had another excellent year. 因为产量提高了60%,所以公司那年又取得了很好的效益。

About 60 percent of the workers in this company are young people. 这个公司约60%的工人是年轻人。

hundred, thousand和million的用法说明

Source: 恒星英语学习网 Onion 2009-09-11 我要投稿 论坛 Favorite hundred, thousand和million的用法说明

(1) 用单数的场合

当这些词与具体数字连用时,习惯上用单数,而且也不后接介词of。如:

He was prepared to pay two million. 他愿意支付200万。

More than a hundred people were injured. 有一百多人受了伤。

但是,当这些词后面的名词有了the, these, those等特指限定词修饰时,或其后的接的是us, them 这样的人称代词时,则此时必须用介词 of。如:

About three hundred of them have left there. 他们当中约有300人离开了那儿。

(2) 用复数的场合

当这些词不与具体数字连用,而是表示不确定的泛指数时,则不仅要要用复数,而且要后接介词of,然后才能接名词。如:

The sun was shining. Thousands of people were lying on the beach. 阳光灿烂,数以千计的人躺在海滩上。

A careless mistake cost the company millions of pounds. 一个粗心的错误使公司蒙受数百镑的损失。

数词的分类及用法简介

英语中用来表示事物的数量或顺序的词叫做数词。根据数词的特征,可将数词分为基数词和序数词;根据数字是否为整数,有可将它分为整数、分数和小数;根据数字所表示的数是否确定,有可分为定数和概数。数词在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语、同位语、状语等。如:

It’s said that 13 is an unlucky number. 据说13是一个不吉利的数字。

He was the first man to think of it. 他是第一个想到这一点的人。

The town is 2,000 feet above sea level. 这座城市海拔2,000 英尺。

Who is that man, the first in the front row? 前排第一个是准?

Mrs. Brown was about to begin, but Jennie spoke first. 布朗夫人正要开始讲话,珍妮先讲了。

I want the third, because the first two look a bit small. 我想要第三个,因为前面两个看上去小了点。

用英语表示年龄的常用方法

(1) 一般直接用基数词表示,如:

Her daughter is eighteen. 她的女儿18岁。

(2) 用“基数词 + years old”表示,有时可将years old 换成years of age。如:

Her daughter is eighteen years old. / Her daughter is eighteen years of age. 她的女儿18岁。

(3) 用“at the age of +基数词”表示。如:

Her daughter got married at the age of eighteen. 她的女儿18岁就结了婚。

(4) 用“基数词-year-old”表示,此结构常做(前置)定语。如:

Her 18-year-old daughter is now in the university. 他18岁的女儿现在上大学。

(5) 用“of + 基数词”表示,此结构常做后置定语。如:

Her daughter is now a pretty girl of 18. 她女儿现在一个18岁的美少女了。

(6) 用“aged +基数词”表示,此结构常做后置定语。如:

Lying on the floor was a boy aged about seventeen. 躺在地板上的是一个约莫十七岁的男孩。

(7) 用“be in one’s +几十的复数形式”表示某概的年龄。如:

He went to the United States in his fifties. 他五十多岁时去了美国。

英语序数词学习要点

一、序数词的表示法

1. 以下是最基本的序数词,学习者必须牢记:first(第1), second(第2), third(第3), fourth (第4), fifth(第5), sixth(第6), seventh(第7), eighth(第8), ninth(第9), tenth(第10), eleventh(第11), twelfth(第12), thirteenth(第13), fourteenth(第14), fifteenth(第15), sixteenth(第16), seventeenth(第17), eighteenth(第18), nineteenth(第19), twentieth(第20), thirtieth(第30), fortieth(第40), fiftieth(第50), sixtieth(第60), seventieth(第70), eightieth(第80), ninetieth(第90)。

【说明】① 许多序数词是由相应的基数词后加th构成的,如:four / fourth,six / sixth,ten / tenth,sixteen / sixteenth,但是nine变为序数词是ninth,而不是nineth。

② twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth 等表示整十的序数词,由相应的基数词将词尾y改为ie,再加th 构成。

③ first, second, third 通常可缩写为1st, 2nd, 3rd。凡是以th结尾的序数词可缩写为“基数词+th”:4th, 5th, 9th, 11th, 60th, 128th等。

2. 非整十的多位数,将个位数变成序数词即可:twenty-first(第21),thirty-sixth(第36),ninety-ninth(第99),three hundred and sixty-fifth(第365)等。

3. hundred, thousand, million 等序数词形式为 hundredth, thousandth, millionth 等:

five hundredth (500th) 第500 ten thousandth (10, 000th) 第10000)

注意:这类词前用数字“一”时,这个“一”只用one,不用a:

one hundredth 第100(不说a hundredth)

二、既可序数词也可用基数词的场合

1. 日期的表示法通常用序数词,也可用基数词,如“5月5日”在书面语中通常写成5 May(英)或May 5th(美),而在口语中则通常说成 the fifth of May,May the fifth(英), May fifth(美)等。

2. 在类似编号的场合,用序数词应放在被修饰词语之前,若用基数词则置于其后:

the First Lesson / lesson one 第一课 the tenth chapter / chapter ten 第10章

the sixth line / line 6 第6 行 the third part / part three 第三部分

但是,在许多情况下,用基数词比用序数词更合适、更方便:

Book One 第一册 Room 805 805房

page 110 第110页 Bus Number Ten 第10路公共汽车

三、序数词前使用冠词应注意的两点

1. 序数词前通常要用定冠词

It’s the third time I’ve been here. 这是我第三次来这儿。

The second is better than the first. 第二个比第一个好。

【说明】① 表示考试或比赛等的名次时,通常省略定冠词:

She was (the) third in the exam. 她考试得了第三名。

②序数词用作副词时也通常不用冠词:

He came first. 他先来。

I’ll have to finish my homework first. 我得先把作业做完。

③有些习语中的序数词前没有冠词:

at first 开始 at first sight 乍看起来 first of all 首先

④ 但若序数词前用了物主代词或名词所有格,则不能再用定冠词:

his second wife 他的第二个妻子 Tom’s third book 汤姆的第三本书

2. 序数词前有时可用不定冠词,表示次第在原有基础上的增加:

A second student stood up. 又一个(第二个)学生站了起来。

I want to read the book a third time. 这本书我想读第三次。

序数词前用定冠词和不定冠词的区别在于,定冠词表特指,不定冠词表泛指,有类似another的意思,但比another 的意思更明确:

I like the third girl. 我喜欢第三个女孩。(至少有三个女孩供选择,特指)

I saw a third girl. 我又看见了第三个女孩。(暗示原来已看见两个,这已是第三个)

基数词学习要点

一、基数词的表示法

1. 以下是最基本的基数词,学习者必须牢记:one(1), two(2), three(3), four(4), five(5), six(6), seven(7), eight(8), nine(9), ten(10), eleven(11), twelve(12), thirteen(13), fourteen(14), fifteen(15), sixteen(16), seventeen(17), eighteen(18), nineteen(19), twenty(20), thirty(30), forty(40), fifty(50), sixty(60), seventy(70), eighty(80), ninety(90), a hundred(100), a thousand(1000), a million(1000000), a billion (十亿)

2. 21—99 的表示法。先说“几十”,再说“几”,中间加连字号:twenty-one(21), thirty-six(36), forty-five(45), ninety-nine(99)等。

3. 101—999的表示法。先说“几百”,后接and,再加末尾两位数(或末位数):one hundred and one(101), five hundred and thirty(530), seventy hundred and eighty-nine(7)

4. 1000 以上的基数词的表示法。先从右至左数,每三位数加一个逗号(即以此把数目分为若干段)。第一个逗号前的数为thousand(千),第二个逗号前的数million(百万),第三个逗号前的数为billion(十亿),第四个逗号前的数为 trillion(万亿),然后一段一段地数:

9, 883 nine thousand, eight hundred and eighty-three

65, 359 sixty-five thousand, three hundred and fifty-nine

265, 468 two hundred and sixty-five thousand, four hundred and sixty-eight

60, 263, 150 sixty million, two hundred and sixty-three thousand, one hundred and fifty

【说明】① 英语没有“万”这个单位,要表示“万”须借用thousand,如“一万”用“十千”表示(ten thousand),“十万”用“百千”表示(one hundred thousand)。

② hundred, thousand, million, billion 等词在读数时不带复数词尾-s(即用单数形式)。

③ 在hundred 后通常加上连词,不过此and 在美国英语中可以省略。若读数中没有 hundred,则在thousand后加and。

④一个数的最高位若为“一”,这个“一”可用a或one表示,但在数字中间的“一”,则只能用one,不能用a:

1600 a [one] thousand and six hundred

6100 six thousand and one hundred (其中的 one 不可改为a)

⑤ 在非正式场合,人们也常以hundred 为单位来读数,对于1100至1900之间的整数尤其如此(参见年代的读法):

It cost fifteen hundred pounds. 这东西花了1500英镑。

二、时刻、日期、年份等的表示法

1. 时刻的表示法

① 若为整点钟,则直接读相应的基数词;若为非整点钟,则分别以“时”和“分”为单位用相应的基数词读出:twelve(12), eight twenty(8:20), nine forty-five(9:45)

② 对于带“分”的时间,也可借助past(过)和to(差)这两个介词来表示(在美国英语中用after表示“过”)。但是注意,这样表示时“分”不能超过30,否则应作处理,如9.38应处理成“10点差22分”:

18 eighteen minutes past (after) nine (= nine eighteen)

46 fourteen minutes to eleven (= ten forty-six)

以上分钟后带了minutes一词。若“分”为5, 10, 15, 20 等五的倍数,则可省略minutes:

05 five (minutes) past [after] eight (= eight five)

20 twenty (minutes) past [after] nine (=nine twenty)

若“分”为15或45,可借用quarter 一词;若“分”为30,可借用half一词:

15 a quarter past six 8.45 a quarter to nine 10.30 half past ten

【说明】时刻表示法分为12小时编时制和24小时编时制。

2. 日期的表示法:日期的写法(书面语)和读法(口语)稍有不同,如“十月一日”可以写成 October 1, October 1st, 1 October, 1st October, (the) 1st of October 等,表示月份的词也可用缩略式,如 Oct. 1, 1 Oct. 1,但是在口语中通常只有两种读法 October (the) first或the first of October。

【说明】日期与星期排列时,通常是星期在前,日期在后:He arrived on Friday, May 10. 他于5月10日(星期五)到达。

3. 年份的表示法:通常以“百”为单位来读。如1986年通常读作 nineteen (hundred and) eighty-six,除非在正式场合,其中的hundred and通常都省,但在通常情况下不能按普通基数词的读法那样读成 one thousand nine hundred and eighty-six。不过,像1500这样的年份可以有两种读法 one thousand five hundred和fifteen hundred,而2000年通常读作 two thousand,2003年读作 two thousand and three。

若表示某个年代,则按类似以下的读法:1980s 读作nineteen-eighties(20世纪80年代), 1600s 读作sixteen hundreds(17世纪头10年,即1600—1610),比较:1300 thirteen hundred(1300年)。

三、用于复数形式的基数词

1. 表示整十的基数词用复数形式可以表示人的岁数或年代:

in the sixties 在60年代 in one’s thirties 在某人30多岁时

2. 基数词转化为名词,可用复数形式:

How many twos are there in ten? 10里面有几个2?

The soldiers marched in tens. 士兵们10人一排前进。

3. 某些习语中也用复数形式的基数词:

in [by] twos and threes 三三两两地 at sixes and sevens 乱其八糟

约数的表示法

一、大于某数的表示法

可用 more than, over, or more等表示: more than fifty people 五十多个人

children of fourteen and over 十四岁和十四岁以上的少年 sixty students or more 六十或六十多个学生

二、小于某数的表示法

可用less than, under, or less, up to, almost, nearly 等: It cost me less than 10 pounds. 我买它没要上10英镑。

Children under six years old are admitted free. 未满6岁的儿童可免费入场。 It’s nearly [almost] 10 o’clock.. 快两点了。

The temperature is five degrees below zero. 温度是零下5度。

三、大约数的表示法

可用or, or so, about, around, round, some, more or less 等表示:

I’ll come back in three or four days. 我过三四天就回来。 We stayed or an hour or so. 我们停留了一个小时左右。

It will cost around (round, about) 100 dollars. 那大概要100美元。 Some 100 people attended the meeting. 大约100参加了会议。 I read more or less forty pages last night. 我昨晚看了大约40页。

【说明】要表示“一两分钟”这样的意思,通常用a minute or two 或 one or two minutes,而不用 one minute or two。

分数、倍数、小数和百分数的表示法

一、分数的表示法

分数由基数词和序数构成——分子用基数词,分母用序数,分子超过“1”时,分母用复数:a [one] sixth(1/6), two thirds(2/3), three fifths()3/5)

【说明】(1) 1/2 通常读作 a [one] half,一般不读作a second。

2. 1/4 可读作 a [one] fourth,也可读作 a [one] quarter。

3. 分子超过“1”分母之所以用复数可以这样理解:“三分之二”即两个(two)三分之一(third),既然是两个“三分之一”,那“三分之一”当然要用复数,即用thirds。

4. 在数学上,为了简洁起见,分子和分母均可用基数词,其间用介词over:3/4 读作three over four(对于比较复杂的分数通常采用此读法)

5. 带分数的读法:在整数与分数之间用and连接:five and two thirds

二、倍数的表示法

表示倍数时通常借助half, double, twice, three times等之类的词:

Half (of) the apples are bad. 一半苹果是坏的。

His homework is not yet half done. 他的作业还没完成一半。

He eats twice what I eat. 他的食量是我的两倍。

比较以下三句,虽然表达形式不同,但含义相同:

1. This rope is three times as long as that one. 这根绳子是那根的三倍长。

2. This rope is three times longer than that one. 这根绳子是那根的三倍长。

3. This rope is three times the length of that one. 这根绳子是那根的三倍长。

第(1)句和第(3)句的意思比较清楚,但第(2)句常容易误解,有人认为它与其他两句意思不同,应理解为“这根绳子比那根绳子长三倍”,但绝大多数语法学家并不这样认为,而是认为以上三句意思相同。

三、小数的表示法

与汉语一样,小数点前的数按普通基数词的读法读,小数点后的数按单个数字一一读出。小数点后的0通常读作oh,有时也读作nought或zero,小数点读作point:one point five six(1.56), ten point three oh five

【说明】被大于“1”的小数修饰的名词要用复数,如说 1.3 meters,不说1.3 meter;即使是被小于“1”的小数修饰,名词也通常可以用复数:One centimeter equals 0.3937 inches. 1厘米等于0.3937英寸。

四、百分数的表示法

百分数由基数词(或小数)和百分号(%)组成,百分号(%)读作 per cent:fifteen percent(15%), ero) point six percent(0.6%)

【说明】百分数后接名词时有时用介词of,有时不用:30% of the students(30%的学生),a 30% chance(30%的把握)。两者的区别是:后接介词of时,percent 为名词,of表示整体中的部分;不接介词of时,percent 为形容词(此时不表示整体与部分的关系),再比较:6 percent of the interest=利息中的百分之六,at 6 percent interest=按百分之六的利息。

初中英语语法数词名师解析 练习题和答案 来源:本站原创 2009-02-23 11:12:41

[标签:语法 练习题 答案 名师] [当前4635家长在线讨论]

初中英语数词主要掌握基数词和序数词的用法,也包括一些生活中常用的表示法,如:英语年月日的书写顺序、数字的读法、分数,百分数的表示法、年代、世纪、班级等等。 一、写出下列数字的序数词: 1,2,3,5,9,12,20,34 二、写出1—12月份: 三、选择填空:

1.Could you tell us how to read the number 18,306,211?

A.eighteen million, three hundred and six thousands, two hundred eleven B.eighteen million, three hundred and six thousand, two hundred and eleven

C.eighteen millions, three hundred six thousands, two hundreds and eleven

D.eighteen thousand, three hundred and six, two hundred eleven 2.Shakespeare was born in ______。 A.1660s B.1660’s C.the 1660s D.the 1660’s

3.Bill said they were going to have _____ holiday。 A.a two-weeks’ B.a two-week C.two weeks’ D.two weeks

4.Over ______ of the articles on education have been published。 A.two thirds

B.two third C.seconds three D.seconds third

5.My father left home at about __。 A.six thirty B.thirty six C.thirty to six D.six past thirty

6.We all think that the ______ century will bring us more hopes。 A.twenty-first B.twentieth-first C.twenty-one D.twentieth-one

7.——What’s your room number? ——It’s ______。 A.The 601 Room B.601 Room C.The Room 601 D.Room 601

8.______ the students usually surf on the Internet and get information。 A.60 percents of B.60 percent C.60 percent of D.60 percents

9.Several _______ new books were sold out last week。 A.of thousand B.thousands C.thousand of D.thousand 10.Which is right? A.2009, June 25 B.25th June, 2009 C.June 25, 2009 D.June 25st, 2009

11.Tomorrow is my ________ birthday。 A.sixteen B.sixteenth C.the sixteenth D.the sixteen

12.We have stayed at this school for _______ 。 Which following choice is wrong? A.two and a half years B.two years and a half C.two years and half a year D.both A and B 四、写出下列正确形式:

1。九年级2班 2。第7排 3.515房间 4。在二层楼 5.2009年2月14日 6.50公里长的大桥

7。在第46页 8。第一中学 9。四分之三 10.49

一、first,second,third,fifth,ninth,twelfth,twentieth,thirty-fourth 二、January,February,March,April,May,June,July,August,September,October,November,December

三、1.B。读数字时要先从右边开始确定出数位,右边开始数第三位要读thousand,再往前数三位读million,接着往前再数三位就是billion;hundred, thousand,million和billion都是数词不加s,百位和十位之间读时要加and;如果十位是0,也读and。 2.D。英语表示“……世纪……年代”时应为:“in the+年代’s”,如:在二十世纪八十年代=in the 1980’s,表示从1980—19这期间的10年;如果是in 1980=在1980年,一年的时间。

3.B。holiday是个可数名词,所以前面不能丢了冠词;形容词放在a holiday的中间,这个形容词由数词和名词复合而成,复合后名词不能加s,two-week——“两周的”。 4.A。分数的构成:分子是基数词,分母是序数词;分子大于一,分母加s。

5.A。观察选项,理解句意,就可只要选择“6:30”这个时间的正确表达形式。有两种:half past six和six thirty。

6.A。世纪的表示法:“in the+序数词+century”。21的序数词是基数词twenty后加first。

7.D。房间号的表达属于专有名词类,也不用冠词,所以首字母要大些,号码用阿拉伯数字表达。第几排也是同样的表达方法,如:第5排=Row 5。

8.C。百分数的表示法:“基数词+percent+of”。不给percent加s。

9.D。several表达有三四个那样的基数词,thousand是数词时,前面有基数词,它本身也不加s;thousand是名词时构成短语thousands of,这个短语的前面不用基数词。 10.C。年月日的表达法:“月份+日期,年代”,日期写序数词或基数词都可,一般都习惯写基数词,但读时要读成序数词。

11.B。表某人几岁的生日的方法:“one’s+序数词+birthday” 12.C。几个半的表示法有两种: “基数词+单位名词(复数)+and a half” “基数词+and a half+单位名词(复数)” 本题是找出一个错误的答案。 四、1. Class 2,Grade 9 2. Row 7 3. Room 515

4. on the second floor 5. February 14, 2009

6. a 50-kilometre-long bridge 7. on Page 46/on the 46th page 8. No.1 Middle School

9. three quarters 10. forty-nine

初中英语语法专项练习题之数词

2013-01-18 14:57 来源:互联网 作者:佚名

• • • • •

[ 标签: 英语练习题 中考英语试题 ]

初中英语语法专项练习题之数词——小编整理了关于初中英语语法数词专项习题及答案以供各位同学练习和参考,希望对于同学们的学习初中英语语法有所帮助,也希望同学们的英语学习越来越好!

1. 1). There are ___ days in a year.

A. three hundreds sixty-five B. three hundreds and sixty-five C. three hundred and sixty-five D. three hundred and sixty five

2). There are____ students in this school.

A. eight hundreds and forty-six B. eight hundred and forty six C. eight hundred and forty-six D. eight hundred forty-six

2. 1).______people visit this museum every day. A. Hundred B. Hundreds C. Hundred of D. Hundreds of 2).There are two___ people in the meeting room. A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundreds of D. hundred o 3). Every year ___ watch NBA on TV. A. million people B. millions of people C. millions people D. million of people

4). ____ trees have been planted in our school in the past 10 years. A. Thousands of B. Two thousands C. Thousand of D. Two thousand of 5). Look! There are ___ in the sky.

A. thousand stars B. thousand of stars C. thousands of stars D. thousands of star 3. 1). My brother is in____.

A. Three Class, One Grade B. Class Three, Grade One C. Grade One, Class Three D. class three, grade one

2.) We are going to learn___ this term.

A. book six B. six book C. the book six D. Book Six 3). Please turn to___. Let\\'s read the text aloud.

A. Page Two . B. the page two C. second page D. page second 4. 1). We can say the number 78, 5 in English like this____. A. seventy-eight thousand and six hundred and forty-five B. seventy-eight thousand six hundred and forty five C.seventy-eight thousand six hundred and forty-five D. seventy eight thousand six hundred and forty-five 2). \"The year 1999\" should be read \"The year____\". A. nineteen and ninety-nine B. nineteen ninety-nine

C. one thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine D. nineteen hundred and ninety-nine

5. 1). He will come here ____ tomorrow morning. A. at fifth B. at ten C. on two D. till tenth 2). Every day he begins to do his homework ___. A. at ten past seven B. at seven pass ten C. on ten past seventh D. until ten 3). He was doing some washing ____.

A. at eight yesterday morning B. yesterday morning eight

C. yesterday morning at eight D. by eight yesterday morning 6. 1).He began to work there____.

A. on his fifty B. at age of fifty C. when he fifty D. in his fifties 2). They moved to Beijing _

A. in 1980s B. in the 1980 \\' C. in the 1980s D. on the 1980\\'s 3). We all like the boy.

A. of ten years old B. ten-year-old C. at ten old D. of age of ten 4).She was ___ her early twenties when she went abroad. A. at B. on C. of D: in

7. 1). There are____ months in a year. December is the ____month of the year.

A. twelve; twelve B. twelve; twelfth C. twelfth; twelve D. twelve; twelveth 2). During____ century, the world population has already reached 6 billion. A. twenty B. the twentieth C. twentieth / D. the twenty 3). Sunday is the____ day of the week. A. seventh B. first C. second D. third 4). Autumn is season in a year.

A. the fourth B. the third C. a third D. the threeth 5). Tom was to get to school and I was ______. A. first; ninth C. the first; the ninth B. a first; a ninth D. the second; the nineth

8. 1) -What\\'s the date today? -Its___.

A. Friday B. time to go C. cloudy D. June 4th 2). Jenny was born

A. on July 10, 1987 B. in July 10, 1987 C. in 1987, July 10 D. on 1987, July 10 3). Monday is the second day, and_______. A. Tuesday is the fourth B. Thursday is the fifth C. the second is Tuesday D. the second is Thursday

9. 1). About____ of the books in our school library are written in Chinese. A. four-fifth B. four-fifths C. fourth-fifths D. fourths-fifth 2). ___ of the students are girls in our class.

A. Two three B. Two threes C. Two thirds D. Second three 3). ___ of the world's books and newspapers are written in English. A. Three quarters B. Three quarter C. Thirds four D. Threes fourth 10. 1). Tom is____ in the row.

A. a second B. the second C. two D. second 2). The girl wanted to sing____ song in English. A. the others B. a second C. other D. the second 3). Now let me have____.

A. the third try B. a third try C. third try D. this third try 初中英语语法数词练习题答案:

1 . 1-2 c c 6. 1-4 d c a d 2. 1-5 d a b a c 7. 1-5 b b b b c 3. 1-3 b d a 8. 1-3 d a b 4. 1- 2 c b 9 .1-3 b c a 5. 1-3 b a a

10. 1-3 b b b

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