初中英语主谓一致复习习题

初中英语主谓一致复习习题

英语主谓一致

一、主谓一致三原则

主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。

1. 语法一致原则：指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。例如：

Tom is a good student. 汤姆是个好学生。

They often play football on the playground. 他们经常在操场上踢足球。

2. 意义一致：指主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，这是谓语动词用单数形式。例如：My family are having lunch now. 我们一家人现在正吃午饭。Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book. 这本书20美元太贵了。

3.就近一致：指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主语。例如：

Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football.

There is a pen and some books on the desk. 课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。

二、主谓一致常考题型

1. 单数名词(代词)，不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式，复数名词(代词)作主语，谓语用复数形式。例如：

The desk is Tom’s. 这张桌子是汤姆的。

Some water is in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里。

The students are playing football on the playground. 这些学生正在操场上踢足球。

2. many a+单数名词作主语，意义虽为“许多”，但谓语要用单数形式。

例如：Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。

3. more than one+单数名词作主语，谓语用。例如：

More than one student has ever been to Beijing. 不止一个学生曾经去过北京。

4. 表示时间，价格，重量，数目，长度，数算等的词或短语作主语时，这些通常作一个整体概念，谓语用单数形式。例如：

Two months is a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假。

Tweney pounds isn’t so heavy. 2 0英镑并不太重。

Ten miles isn’t a long distance. 1 0英里并不是一段很长的距离。

Five minus four is one. 5减4等于1。

5.主语是each/every/no+单数名词+and(each/every/no)+单数名词时，谓语动词用。例如：

Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。

Every man and every woman is at work. 每个男人和女人都在工作。

6. one and a half+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用。

例如：One and a half hours is enough. 一个半小时足够了。

7. 动词不定式，动名词作主语时，谓语动词用。

例如：To see is to believe 眼见为实

Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes. 做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。

8. a/an+单数名词+or two 作主语，谓语动词用。

例如：A student or two has failed the exam. 一两个学生考试不及格。

9.当主语部分含有with，together with，along with，as well as，besides，except，but，like等介词或介词短语时，谓语动词用。

例如：Mike with his father has been to England. 迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰。

Mike,like his brother,enjoys playing football 迈克像他的哥哥一样喜欢踢足球

10. 由and连接的两个单数名词作主语时，一般用复数形式，但and所连接的并列主语是同一个人，事物，或概念时，谓语动词用单数。这两种情况区分如下：a/the+单数名词+and+单数名词，指的是同一个人或物；a/the+单数名词+and+a/the+单数名词，指两个人或物。例如：

The writer and teacher is coming. 那位作家兼教师来了。(作家和教师指同一个人) The writer and the teacher are coming. 作家和老师来了。(作家和老师是两个人)

11. people,police等集体名词作主语，谓语动词用，family,class,group,team等集体名词作主语，若指时，谓语动词用，若指时，谓语动词。例如：People here are very friendly. 这儿的人很友好。

His family isn’t large. 他家的人不多。

My family all like watching TV. 我们一家人都喜欢看电视。

12. 不定代词somebody,someone,something,anybody,anything,everybody, everyone,everything,nobody,no one,nothing作主语，谓语动词用，例如：Is everyone here today. 今天大家到齐了吗？

Something is wrong with him. 他有毛病。\\ Nobody was in. 没有人在家。

13. each,either,neither,another,the other 作主语，谓语动词用。

例如：Each of them has an English dictionary. 他们每人都有一本英语词典。

Neither answer is correct. 两个答案都不正确。

14. 以—s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义，谓语通常用单数形式，如news,maths,physics等，例如：

No news is good news. 没有消息就是好消息。

Maths is very popular in our class 在我们班数学很受欢迎。

15. 由both…and…连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；由or,either…or…，neither…nor…,not only…but also…,not…but…,连接两个名词或代词作主语时，根据决定谓语动词形式。

例如：Both his father and his mother are both teachers. 他的爸爸和妈妈都是老师。

Tom or his parents are wrong. 不是汤姆就是他的父母错了。

Either this one or that one is ok. 这一个或那一个都行。

16. a number of+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用；the number of +复数名词作主语，谓语动词用。例如：

A number of famous people were invited to party.

许多名人都被邀请参加这个聚会。

The number of the students is over eight houndred.

我们学校的学生数超过800人。

17. 当kind of,pair of, glass of 等表示确定数量的名词短语修饰主语时，谓语与、、等一致。例如

This pair of shoes is Tom’s. 这双鞋是汤姆的。

There are two glasses of wather on the table. 桌上有两杯水。

18. the+形容词表示一类人时，谓语动词用，表示抽象概念时，

用。例如：

The poor are very happy,but the rich are sad. 穷人很快乐，富人却过得不快乐。

The beautiful lives forever. 美是永存的。

19. 以here，there开头的句子，若主语在两个或两个以上，谓语动词通常与一致。例如：

There is a book and three pens on the desk. 桌子上有一本书，三只钢笔。

Here are some books and paper for you. 这是给你的书和纸。

20. 在定语从句中主语是关系代词who , that , which , 谓语动词的数应与

先行词的数一致。

注意：在“one of +复数名词+ who/that/which”引导的定语从句中，从句谓语的单复数取决于one前是否有the (only)、the very。如果有，从句的谓语动词用单数，如没有the only，就用复数形式。

This is one of the most interesting questions that have been asked.

He was the only one of the students who was late for school.

练习题

1. Miss Huang together with her friends ____ shopping every Sunday evening.

A. go

B. went

C. going

D. goes

2. The United Nations ____ in 1945.

A. are set up

B. were set up

C. was set up

D. is set up

3. The nations of Western Europe ____ worth learning from.

A. is

B. are

C. has

D. have

4. – How many students are there in your class?

-- ____ the students in our class ____ over fifty.

A. The number of; is

B. The number of; are

C. A number of; is

D. A number of; are

5. There ____ some foreign visitors talking a walk in the park.

A. is

B. are

C. has

D. have

6. Everyone except Tom and John ____ there when the meeting began.

A. was

B. were

C. is

D. are

7. Each of the students ____ a dictionary.

A. have

B. has

C. is

D. are

8. The bread and the butter ____ their main food.

A. is

B. are

C. has

D. have

9. The Greens ____ France since the spring of 1990.

A. have been to

B. have been in

C. has been to

D. had been in

10. – How many teachers are there in your school?

-- About 150. One third of them ____ men teachers.

A. have

B. has

C. are

D. is

11. When and where to go for the holiday ____ yet.

A. have not been decided

B. is not decided

C. are not decided

D. has not been decided

12. How time flies! Three years ____ really a short time.

A. is

B. are

C. was

D. were

13. – Do you know ____ the population of Yunnan____ ?

-- Yes. It’s about forty-three million.

A. how many; is

B. what; is

C. how much; is

D. what; are

14. Your trousers ____ dirty, you must have ____ washed.

A. is, them

B. are, it

C. are, them

D. is, it

15. Not only the student but also Mr. Smiths ____ tired of having one examination.

A. is

B. are

C. was

D. were

16. My brother asked me ten questions. The first five were easy, but the rest ____

difficult.

A. were

B. are

C. was

D. is

17. The poor ____ happy; but the rich ____ sad.

A. is; is

B. are; are

C. is; are

D. are; is

18. Gone with the wind ____ very great.

A. have

B. has

C. are

D. is

19. Each boy and each girl ____ hard.

A. are working

B. has worked

C. is working

D. haved worked

20. Many a man ____ had that kind of experience.

A. have

B. has

C. is

D. are

21. No food and no water ____ in the house.

A. is

B. has

C. are

D. have

22. John and his uncle ____ going hiking tomorrow.

A. be

B. am

C. is

D. are

23. When ____ the United Nations founded?

A. is

B. was

C. are

D. were

24. Either my friends or I ____ going to the library on Monday.

A. is

B. be

C. am

D. are

25. – Why did you choose English instead of Japanese?

-- Because Japanese ____ as popular as English.

A. isn’t

B. aren’t

C. has been

D. have been

26. Only one and a half oranges ____ on the plate.

A. is

B. are

C. be

D. was

27. Nowadays more and more the young ____ fond of pop music.

A. are

B. is

C. were

D. was

28. To save time ____ to lengthen life.

A. are

B. was

C. were

D. is

29. There ____ a football match and two table tennis matches between Class Eight

next week.

A. will have

B. has

C. is going to be

D. are gone to be

30. The Chinese ____ peace but they aren’t afraid of war.

A. love

B. loves

C. loved

D. loving

31. – There ____ no orange juice in the fridge. Could you get some for me, Dick?

-- All right, Mum.

A. is

B. are

C. was

D. were

32. How time flies! Ten years ____ passed.

A. have

B. are

C. is

D. has

33. Chinese sports stars Yao Ming and Liu Xiang ____ Good will Ambassadors for

Shanghai.

A. have been named

B. have named

B. has been named D. has named

34. Nothing ____ difficult in the world, ____ it?

A. are, are

B. is, isn’t

C. are, aren’t

D. is, is

35. On the east of the river ____ three buildings.

A. lies

B. stands

C. stand

D. are standing

36. Xiao Dong is one of the best students in his class who ____ by their teacher.

A. praises

B. is praised

C. praise

D. are praised

37. Swimming in the pool with the children ____ very interesting.

A. has

B. have

C. is

D. are

38. On every piece of the paper ____ pictures of some horses.

A. is

B. are

C. has

D. have

39. No news ____ good news.

A. am

B. are

C. is

D. be

40. John with his uncle ____ going hiking tomorrow.

A. be

B. am

C. is

D. are

41. Jimmy’s family ____ a large one. The whole family ____ watching TV.

A. is; is

B. are; are

C. is; are

D. are; is

42. In our city ____ of the people ____ to Han Nationality.

A. three fifths, belong

B. three fifth; belong

C. three fifths; belongs

D. three fifth; belongs

43. More than one idea ____ put up with at the class meeting.

A. have

B. has

C. has been

D. have been

44. Whether you will learn English well or not ____ your hard work.

A. depend on

B. depend

C. depends

D. depends on

45. With the help of people the number of pandas ____ mere and more.

A. is getting

B. are getting

C. got

D. hasn’t got

46. ____ that pair of new ____ Tony’s?

A. Are; shoes

B. Is; shoes

C. Are; shoes

D. Is; shoe

47. ____ politics difficult for you to learn.

A. Are

B. Do

C. Does

D. Is

48. Half of the apple ____ bad.

A. are

B. is

C. were

D. has

49. Neither Wei Hua nor his brother ____ a few cities in the south since they were 20

years old.

A. will visit

B. has visited

C. have visited

D. visited

50. Look! There ____ playing with the children on Dongfeng Square.

A. are a number of deer

B. is a number of deer

C. are a number of deers

D. is a number of deers

51. ____ she or you going to Beijing next month?

A. Was

B. Is

C. Were

D. Are

52. Ten kilometers ____ way.

A. are quite long

B. are quite a long

C. is quite a long

D. is a quite long

53. What the students need ____ good books.

A. is

B. are

C. have

D. has

54. The singer and dancer ____ yet.

A. don’t come

B. didn’t come

C. haven’t come

D. hasn’t come

55. One million dollars ____ a lot of money for every one.

A. are

B. mean

C. are thought

D. is

Key：

1-5 D C B A B 6-10 A B B B C 11-15 D A B C C

16-20 A B D B B 21-25 A D B C A 26-30 A A D C A

31-35 A A A B C 36-40 D C A C C 41-45 C A D D A

46-50 B D B B A 51-55 B C B D D