2019中考英语语法常见习惯用语知识复习
常见习惯用语(一) 知识概要 ��
由于英语国家的语言习惯与中国的语言习惯有许多不同之处,所以造成了许多同学在做选择或书写,或与人交谈中造成误用中国方式来对英语的问句作解答。例如一个小女孩十分好看,可爱,外国人见到时会讲: you are so beautiful�� 这时的答语应该是 thank you�� 如果外国人发现你的英语不错,他们会讲: your english is very good�� 这时中国人常常会说:不,我说的不好。这纯是一种礼貌的答语,但是不符合英语习惯。它正确的答语应是 thank you�� 虽然交际英语 有一些规律可讲,但更重要的是学习外国的生活习惯,了解他们的文化背景,历史渊源,这样才能真正的学好一门外语。�オ�
(二) 正误辨析 ��
[误] - what can i do for you?��
- yes, please help me�� ��
[正] - what can i do for you?��
- i'd like to buy a sweater�� ��
[析] what can i do for you? 这一问语实际上用于的情景很多,要根据具体情况而定。如在商店中售货员讲这句话应译为:您想要点什么?在其他场合也可以被译为:我能为您做些什么?它的答语应是直接讲出想让对方提供的帮助。��
[误] - which colour do you like?��
- sorry, i don't like�� ��
[正] - which colour do you like?��
- i prefer blue�� ��
[析] 由 which 来提问的问句是要回答具体的选择,而不能泛指,泛泛的回答。如 yes, i like it�豹�
[误] do you like to come with us tonight? ��
[正] would you like to come with us tonight? ��
[析] do you like … 问的是对方的习惯,如: do you like swimming? do you like collecting stamps? 而 would you like … 则是一次性的邀请、提议。邀请的英语表达法还有如下几种:��
shall we go? 我们走吧!��
let's go? 让我们走吧!��
how about having a cup of tea? 喝杯茶如何?��
what about a cup of coffee�� 喝杯咖啡如何?��
why not buy it? 为什么不买呢?��
其肯定答语一般为certainly, yes, o.k. all right, with pleasure�豹�
[误] sorry, i've kept you waiting�豹�
not at all�� ��
[正] sorry, i've kept you waiting�豹�
never mind�� ��
[析] "介意不介意"这一问法与答语在中英文中有所不同。如:��
- do you mind my smoking here?��- _________ ��
a. yes, do it please�豹�
b. no, of course not�豹�
c. yes, take it please�豹�
d. no, you can't take it�豹�
这时正确的选择应是b。 其意为:不介意,当然不。而a选项则自相矛盾了,它应译为:是的我介意,请抽吧。而 d选项是:不介意,你不能抽。当向对方争求意见时,可以有以下问法:
do you mind if i open the door?��
would you mind mailing the letter for me�豹�
其答语如果是同意应为: certainly not, not at all��
而不同意时应为 yes, 或 i'm sorry�豹�
[误] what's that man?��
he is mike�� ��
[正] what's that man?��
he is a teacher�� ��
[正] who's that man?��
he is mike�� (he is mike's father��) ��
[析] 由 what 提问是问的职业,由 who 提问问的是姓名或身份。��