211翻译硕士英语试题12

2012年硕士研究生入学考试试题

考试科目代码： 211 考试科目名称： 翻译硕士英语

（如无特殊注明，所有答案必须写在答题纸上，否则以“0”分计算）

河南科技大学

Part Ⅰ Multiple Choice (20%)

For each sentence there are four choices A, B, C, or D, choose the ONE that best completes the sentence.

1. For many people, overeating and overspending are as ____to Christmas as candles and holly. A. integral B. suitable C. inevitable D. compatible 2. When my kids go a weekend without pizza and TV while camping, they think they are suffering great ____. A. deficiency B. deprivation C. depression D. starvation 3. The police have asked for the ____ of the public in tracing the whereabouts of the missing boy. A. cooperation B. recommendation C. incorporation D. assistance 4. She murmured something and blushed as if a secret had been ____. A. closed B. exposed C. removed D. renewed 5. Before the school ____ what students must wear, they wore just about anything. A. managed B. authorized C. regulated D. standardized 6. While the population of the United States includes a great variety of racial and ethnic backgrounds, Japan’s population is ____. A. autonomous B. homogeneous C. monotonous D. anonymous 7. Two years later the opportunity came for him to take a ____ American look at the Old World. A. distinctly B. distinctively C. distinctive D. instinctively 8. In brief, it should be our goal to ____ as much of the original beauty of nature as we can. A. restore B. introduce C. remain D. supply 9. We should ____ with the difficulties we were confronted with. A. ponder B. acquaint C. brood D. contend 10. The discovery of gold can bring great ____ to our country. A. property B. revenue C. wealth D. deposit 11. If only the arbitration court ____ the dispute. A. resolve B. will resolve C. can resolve D. resolves 12. I advise you ____ of ____ out such a dangerous plan. A. to stop to think... carry B. to stop thinking... carrying C. to stop thinking... to carry D. stopping to think... carrying 13. She bought ____ plates. A. one dozen beautiful pale blue dinner B. one dozen pale blue beautiful dinner C. beautiful one dozen pale blue dinner D. one dozen dinner beautiful pale blue 第1页（共8页）

14. More and more advanced farm machines ____ , the agricultural production increased tremendously.

A. using B. having used

C. having been used D. to have been used

15. I think you are supposed ____ your graduate study last year. A. to be finishing B. to have finished C. to finish D. to have been finished

16. The paper ____ several persons are risking their lives is an important report on missiles. A. after which B. for which C. with which D. at which 17. The actress is not so beautiful ____ the press described in advance. A. that B. how C. as D. what

18. The protection device can eliminate the faults ____ they cause more damage. A. unless B. until C. before D. although 19. All ____ is peace and progress.

A. what is needed B. for our needs C. the needed thing D. that is needed 20. ____ he was aware of the real meaning of life.

A. That was from that book that B. It was that book which C. It was from that book that D. It was that book that

Part Ⅱ Blank-filling (10%)

Put a word in each blank that is appropriate for the context.

In 1931, when New York’s fledgling Museum of Modern Art was planning the second solo exhibition of its short history, Diego Rivera may not have seemed an obvious candidate. The Mexican artist was a flamboyant socialist, famous for painting 1 Vladimir Mayakovsky, the Russian poet, called “the world’s first communist murals”. Just 45 years old, he was also young 2 the honour. But in many ways, the match between MoMA and the muralist made perfect sense. Here was an artist who could 3 headlines; exactly what a new museum needed. He was Mexican at a time 4_ American galleries were eager to embrace a culture closer to home, instead of endlessly courting artists from Europe. And in Depression-era New York, Rivera’s socially engaged art had particular resonance. Now a thoughtfully conceived exhibition at MoMA has brought together for the first time five of the eight portable frescoes Rivera created specifically for the 1931 show, along with enough additional material to build an absorbing picture of the artist and his 5 . Leah Dickerman, the show’s curator, hopes the exhibition “tells several different stories.” The first story, undoubtedly, is that of Rivera himself, and 6 an artist commissioned by Mexico’s post-revolutionary government to paint nationalist murals achieved international fame. The luminous frescoes and bold preparatory drawings on 7 show the skill of a fine draftsman and colourist. Rivera was acquainted with the frescoes of the Renaissance, 8 able with the sweep of a line to create intense moments of movement and drama. But Rivera was also a larger-than-life personality, with a talent for winning over wealthy patrons without sacrificing his socialist credentials. For the 1931 show, he delivered works 9 the 第2页（共8页）

expected Mexican theme (such as an iconographic image of Emiliano Zapata, the Mexican revolutionary, and an Aztec warrior stabbing a Spanish conquistador), and added frescoes 10 contained stinging critiques of American capitalism.

Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40%)

Read the following passage and answer the questions by choosing A, B, C, or D. 1 Computers monitor everything in Singapore from soil composition to location of manholes. At the airport, it took just 15 seconds for the computerized immigration system to scan and approve my passport. It takes only one minute to be checked into a public hospital. By 1998, almost every household will be wired for interactive cable TV and the Internet, the global computer network. Shoppers will be able to view and pay for products electronically. A 24-hour community telecomputing network will allow users to communicate with elected representatives and retrieve information about government services. It is all part of the government’s plan to transform the nation into what it calls the “Intelligent Island”. In so many ways, Singapore has elevated the concept of efficiency to a kind of national ideology. For the past ten years, Singapore’s work force was rated the best in the world-ahead of Japan and the U.S. in terms of productivity, skill and attitude by the Business Environment Risk Intelligence service. Behind the “Singapore miracle” is a man Richard Nixon described as one of “the ablest leaders I have met,” one who, “in other times and other places, might have attained the world stature of a Churchill.” Lee Kuan Yew led Singapore’s struggle for independence in the 1950s, serving as Prime Minister from 1959 until 1990. Today (1995), at 71, he has nominally retired to the office of Senior Minister, where he continues to influence his country’s future. Lee offered companies tax breaks, political stability, cheap labor and strike-free environment. Nearly 90 percent of Singaporean adults now own their own homes and thanks to strict adherence to the principle of merit, personal opportunities abound. “If you’ve got talent and work hard, you can be anything here,” says a Malaysian-born woman who holds a high-level civil-service position. Lee likes to boast that Singapore has avoided the “moral breakdown” of Western countries. He attributes his nation’s success to strong family ties, a reliance on education as the engine of advancement and social philosophy that he claims is superior to America’s. In an interview with Reader’s Digest, he said that the United States has “lost its bearings” by emphasizing individual rights at the expense of society. “An ethical society,” he said, “is one which matches human rights with responsibilities.” 1. What characterizes Singapore’s advancement is its _____. A. computer monitoring B. work efficiency C. high productivity D. value on ethics 2. From Nixon’s perspective, Lee is_____. A. almost as great as Churchill 第3页（共8页）

B. not as great as Churchill

C. only second to Churchill in being a leader D. just as great as Churchill

3. In the last paragraph, “lost its bearings” may mean _____. A. became impatient.

B. “failed to find the right position” C. “lost its foundation” D. “grew band-mannered”

4. “You can be anything here” (Paragraph 5) may be paraphrased as_____. A. You can hope for a very bright prospect. B. You may be able to do anything needed. C. You can choose any job as you like. D. You will become an outstanding worker. 5. In Singapore, the concept of efficiency_____. A. has been emphasized throughout the country

B. has become an essential quality for citizens to aim at

C. is brought forward by the government in order to compete with America D. is known as the basis for building the “Intelligent Island”

2

What we know of prenatal development makes all this attempt made by a mother to mold the character of her unborn child by studying poetry, art, or mathematics during pregnancy seem utterly impossible. How could such extremely complex influences pass from the mother to the child? There is no connection between their nervous systems. Even the blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly. An emotional shock to the mother will affect her child, because it changes the activity of her glands and so the chemistry her blood. Any chemical change in the mother’s blood will affect the child for better or worse. But we can not see how a looking for mathematics or poetic genius can be dissolved in blood and produce a similar liking or genius in the child.

In our discussion of instincts we saw that there was reason to believe that whatever we inherit must be of some very simple sort rather than any complicated or very definite kind of behavior. It is certain that no one inherits knowledge of mathematics. It may be, however, that children inherit more or less of a rather general ability that we may call intelligence. If very intelligent children become deeply interested in mathematics, they will probably make a success of that study.

As for musical ability, it may be that what is inherited is an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar structure of the hands or the vocal organs connections between nerves and muscles that make it comparatively easy to learn the movements a musician must execute, and particularly vigorous emotions. If these factors are all organized around music, the child may become a musician. The same factors, in other circumstance might be organized about some other center of interest. The rich emotional equipment might find expression in poetry. The capable fingers might develop skill in surgery. It is not the knowledge of music that is inherited, then nor even the love of it, but a certain bodily structure that makes it comparatively easy to acquire musical knowledge and skill. Whether that

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ability shall be directed toward music or some other undertaking may be decided entirely by forces in the environment in which a child grows up. 6. Which of the following statements is not true? A. Some mothers try to influence their unborn children by studying art and other subjects during their pregnancy. B. It is utterly impossible for us to learn anything about prenatal development. C. The blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly. D. There are no connection between mother’s nervous systems and her unborn child’s. 7. A mother will affect her unborn baby on the condition that ______ . A. she is emotionally shocked B. she has a good knowledge of inheritance C. she takes part in all kind of activities D. she sticks to studying 8. According to the passage, a child may inherit______. A. everything from his mother B. knowledge of mathematics C. a rather general ability that we call intelligence D. her mother’s musical ability 9. If a child inherits something from his mother, such as an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar structure of the hands or of the vocal organs, he will ______ . A. surely become a musician B. mostly become a poet C. possibly become a teacher D. become a musician on the condition that all these factors are organized around music 10. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. Role of Inheritance B. An Unborn Child C. Function of instincts D. Inherited Talents 3 The discovery of the Antarctic not only proved one of the most interesting of all geographical adventures, but created what might be called “the heroic age of Antarctic exploration”. By their tremendous heroism, men such as Shakleton, Scott, and Amundsen caused a new continent to emerge from the shadows, and yet that heroic age, little more than a century old, is already passing. Modern science and inventions are revolutionizing the endurance; future journeys into these icy wastes will probably depend on motor vehicles equipped with caterpillar traction rather than on the dogs that earlier discoverers found so invaluable and hardly comparable. Few realize that this Antarctic continent is almost equal in size to South America, and enormous field of work awaits geographers and prospectors. The coasts of this continent remain to be accurately charted, and the mapping of the whole of the interior presents a formidable task to the cartographers who undertake the work. Once their labors are completed, it will be possible to prospect the vast natural 第5页（共8页）

resources which scientists believe will furnish one of the largest treasure hoards of metals and minerals the world has yet known, and almost inexhaustible sources of copper, coal, uranium, and many other ores will become available to man. Such discoveries will usher in an era of practical exploitation of the Antarctic wastes. The polar darkness which hides this continent for the six winter months will be defeated by huge batteries of light, and make possible the establishing of air-fields for the future inter-continental air services by making these areas as light as day. Present flying routes will be completely changed, for the Antarctic refueling bases will make flights from Australia to South America comparatively easy over the 5,000 miles journey. The climate is not likely to offer an insuperable problem, for the explorer Admiral Byrd has shown that the climate is possible even for men completely untrained for expeditions into those frozen wastes. Some of his parties were men who had never seen snow before, and yet he records that they survived the rigors of the Antarctic climate comfortably, so that, provided that the appropriate installations are made, we may assume that human beings from all countries could live there safely. Byrd even affirms that it is probably the most friendly climate in the world, for the intense cold of thousands of years has sterilize this continent, and rendered it absolutely germfree, with the consequences that ordinary and extraordinary sickness and diseases from which man suffers in other zones with different climates are here utterly unknown. There exist no problems of conservation and preservation of food supplies, for the latter keep indefinitely without any signs of deterioration; it may even be that later generations will come to regard the Antarctic as the natural storehouse for the whole world. Plans are already on foot to set up permanent bases on the shores of this continent, and what so few years ago was regarded as a “dead continent” now promises to be a most active center of human life and endeavor. 11. When did man begin to explore the Antarctic? A. About 100 years ago. B. In this century. C. At the beginning of the 19th century. D. In 1798. 12. What must the explorers be, even though they have modern equipment and techniques? A. Brave and tough. B. Stubborn and arrogant. C. Well-liked and humorous. D. Stout and smart. 13. The healthiest climate in the world is _____. A. in South America B. in the Arctic Region C. in the Antarctic Continent D. in the Atlantic Ocean 14. What kind of metals and minerals can we find in the Antarctic? A. Magnetite, coal and ores. B. Copper, coal and uranium. 第6页（共8页）

C. Silver, natural gas and uranium. D. Aluminum, copper and natural gas. 15. What is planned for the continent? A. Building dams along the coasts.

B. Setting up several summer resorts along the coasts. C. Mapping the coast and whole territory. D. Setting up permanent bases on the coasts.

Read the following passage and answer the questions briefly. 4

Fashion affects all human activities, and science is not exempt. In the field of palaeontology, for example, the stock of crocodiles is rising. Their role in Mesozoic ecosystems, including as predators of dinosaurs, has been reassessed over the past few years—and their diversity of forms (even including herbivorous species) is becoming increasingly apparent. This shift of perception is causing fossil hunters to take a renewed look at crocodiles, dinosaurs and the similarities and differences between them.

One such study, conducted by Sarah Werning of the University of California, Berkeley, and her colleagues, is reminiscent of Aesop’s fable about the hare and the tortoise—with dinosaurs playing the role of the cocky lagomorph and crocodiles that of the slow but steady chelonian. One of the traits which allowed dinosaurs to dominate the fauna of the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods was that they grew rapidly. This is clear from their bones, which show four traits associated in living animals with fast growth: that they have numerous canals through which blood vessels would have passed for the transport of nutrients; that those canals are arranged in complex networks, rather than running separately through the bone; that fibres of collagen (a protein which helps make bone supple) are loosely organised within them, rather than being tightly packed; and that they have large clusters of cells called osteocytes, which are important in the formation and maintenance of bone. In these characteristics, dinosaur bones are similar to those both of mammals and of dinosaurs’ modern descendants, the birds, and dissimilar to those of both ancient and modern crocodiles.

Dinosaurs are not unique in showing signs of rapid growth, though. Pterosaur bones have similar features, as do those of several other groups of Mesozoic reptiles. Ms Werning therefore decided to trace the phenomenon of rapid growth back as far as she could in the fossil record, by examining the bones of a wide variety of species.

The upshot, she discovered, was that the features indicating rapid growth were added one by one during the Triassic (the period immediately before the Jurassic). That is not terribly surprising. What is surprising is that all of these features were present in the last common ancestor of dinosaurs and crocodiles. The former, in other words, perfected rapid growth and went on to dominate the Mesozoic, while the latter gave it up.

Crocodiles had the last laugh, though. Fast-living dinosaurs were unable to survive the crisis at the end of the Cretaceous, when an asteroid hit Earth and brought photosynthesis to a halt. Slow-living crocs, by contrast, were able to cling on until conditions improved, and are now found throughout the tropics and subtropics. Thus, 65m years ago, were the fates of two groups of animals decided by

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evolutionary differences inculcated 220m years ago. Aesop would have been proud.

16. What is the fashion in the field of palaeontology? 17. Give the main idea of paragraph 2.

18. What brought about the end of dinosaurs?

19. According to the passage, what have dinosaurs degraded into? 20. What does the writer mean by the last sentence “Aesop would have been proud”?

PartⅨWriting (30%)

Over the past two decades the video-games business has gone from a cottage industry selling to a few niche customers to a fully grown branch of the entertainment industry. According to PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC), a consulting firm, the global video-game market was worth around $56 billion last year, and has grown by over 60% since 2006, when the Nintendo Wii console was launched. The gaming industry is more than twice the size of the recorded-music industry, nearly a quarter more than the magazine business and about three-fifths the size of the film industry. PwC predicts that video games will be the fastest-growing and most exciting form of mass media over the next few years, with sales rising to $82 billion by 2015. Will be the success long-lasting? Write a composition with the following title of about 250-300 words, give your opinions. Your writing will be assessed by content, organization, grammar and appropriateness.

Will video-games be an enduring success?

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